MATERIALI AVANZATI PER I BENI CULTURALI

1. Knowledge and understanding of the materials and technologies covered in the course.

2. Ability to connect the characterization techniques for structural, thermal and morphological analysis of the materials.

3. Ability to communicate the concepts and the results using appropriate terminology. Knowing how to interact with the teacher and students in a  constructive way, especially during the experimental work carried out in a group.

4. Skills in taking notes, selecting and collecting information based on their importance and priority.

5. Autonomy in the laboratory experiences and in the collection and processing of experimental data.

Frontal teaching lessons (6 CFU) and laboratory experiments (3 CFU).

In case of online or mixed (online/on site) lectures, modifications may be introduced to lectures in order to comply with the program reported in the syllabus. 

Basic knowledge of inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry and physical chemistry. Knowledge of laboratory safety rules and how to perform the basic operations in the laboratory.

Attendance of lesson is required in accordance with the regulation of CdS.

Glass based materials: minerals and glass technologies: oxides, modifying oxides, chromatic elements. Glass degradation: devitrification, leaching and corrosion.

Ceramics: definition and history. Phyllosilicates and natural clays. Furnace process technologies and related chemical reactions. Determination of the equivalent cooking temperature. Stoneware and porcelain. Ceramic decoration.

Pigments: Painting materials and painting techniques. The color of the materials. Pigments and dyes. Interactions and compatibility between pigments and binders. Paints and their uses.

Metals, alloys and state diagrams. Overview of the most important metals and alloys. Copper and copper alloys: bronze, copper-tin phase diagram; the disease of bronze. Brass and the role of zinc. Iron and steel, minerals and the first technologies. Corrosion of iron. Lead and its uses, the lead parasite. Gold, silver and their alloys.

Surface modification techniques on advanced materials in architecture. Molecules of interest for anti-fogging and self-cleaning surfaces. Basic principles of the self-assembled monolayer from solution and molecular layer deposition from the vapor phase.

Materials characterization techniques: Basic principles and applications of thermoluminescence. Thermal analysis of materials using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the identification of phases and structural study of inorganic materials. Basic principles and applications of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Infrared spectrophotometry in attenuated total reflectance for the in situ characterization of solid materials.

Laboratory experiences:

-Synthesis of pigments: synthesis of carminic acid, its thermal and structural characterization and the use for coloring

-Modification of inorganic oxide surfaces (NiO and TiO2) with anchoring of organic molecules through solution methods using SAM (self assembled monolayer).

-Modification of inorganic oxide surfaces with anchoring of organic molecules from the vapor phase by MLD (molecular layer deposition).

-Characterization of hybrid systems obtained through contact angle and X-ray diffraction measurements.

-Synthesis of glass materials, surface sputtering and their SEM-EDX characterization.

- Mark Pollard and Carl Heron, Archaeological Chemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry.

- David Brandon and Wayne D. Kaplan, Microstructural characterization of materials, Wiley.

- Slides 

Oral exam for the theoretical concepts covered in the course and evaluation of laboratory experiences through written reports. In case of needs, the exams could also be carried out on line.

- Description of glass materials and ceramics,

- Overview of metals, alloys and state diagrams,

- Surface modification techniques on advanced materials through vapor phase and solution approaches,

- Materials characterization techniques.